Flexible multimethod approach for seismic site characterization

Abstract We describe the flexible multimethod seismic site characterization technique for obtaining shear-wave velocity ( V S ) profiles and derivative information, such as time-averaged of upper 30 m S30 ). Simply stated, approach relies on application multiple independent noninvasive acquisition analysis techniques utilized in a field-based through decision process based primary factors investigator’s available equipment, field logistics (e.g., array deployment space, urban versus rural), geologic setting, funding among other factors. In approach, sites ideally should be characterized using both active passive (i.e., no drilling only minimal disturbance to ground surface) methods. Almost without exception, we recommend use at least one active-source analyzing surface waves, which current state practice would include or more following: spectral waves (SASW; commonly Rayleigh waves) multichannel (MASW; and/or Love waves). addition, passive-source microtremor methods (MAMs) linear (one-dimensional) two-dimensional arrays may appropriate even required characterizing given site. Similarly, horizontal-to-vertical ratio (mHVSR) method thacan valuable identifying shallow rock sites. Finally, P- SH-wave refraction warrant consideration, especially shallow-rock